Joshua 5 · Kingdoms of Scripture

1When all the kings of the Amorite who were beyond the Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanite who were by the sea, heard that Yahweh had dried up the waters of the Jordan from before the sons of Israel until we crossed, their heart melted, and there was no longer any spirit in them, because of the sons of Israel.

Notes (1)

Text
The written consonants are עברנו, “we crossed.” The Masoretic reading is עברם, “they crossed.” The written “we crossed” is printed.

2At that time Yahweh said to Joshua, Make yourself flint knives, and circumcise the sons of Israel again, a second time.

Notes (1)

Translation
Charvot tzurim are knives of flint.

3Joshua made himself flint knives and circumcised the sons of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.

Notes (1)

Translation
The place is named Gibeath-haaraloth, “the hill of the foreskins.”

4This is the reason Joshua circumcised them. All the people who came out of Egypt, the males, all the men of war, had died in the wilderness on the way, when they came out of Egypt.

5For all the people who came out were circumcised, but all the people born in the wilderness on the way, when they came out of Egypt, they had not circumcised.

6For the sons of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, until the whole nation was finished, the men of war who came out of Egypt, who did not listen to the voice of Yahweh. Yahweh had sworn to them that he would not let them see the land that Yahweh swore to their fathers to give us, a land oozing milk and honey.

Notes (1)

Text
The Hebrew says latet lanu, “to give us,” not “to give them.”

7He raised their sons up in their place. Joshua circumcised them, for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them on the way.

8When the whole nation had finished being circumcised, they stayed in their place in the camp until they revived.

9Yahweh said to Joshua, Today I have rolled the reproach of Egypt off you. He called the name of that place Gilgal, to this day.

Notes (1)

Translation
Gilgal is named from galoti, “I have rolled.” The reproach is the shame of Egypt.

10The sons of Israel camped at Gilgal, and they kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month, in the evening, in the plains of Jericho.

11They ate of the produce of the land on the day after the Passover, unleavened bread and parched grain, on that very day.

Notes (1)

Translation
Avur is the produce of the land. Matzot is unleavened bread. Qalui is grain that has been parched.

12The man stopped on the next day, when they ate of the produce of the land, and there was no more man for the sons of Israel. They ate of the yield of the land of Canaan in that year.

Notes (1)

Translation
Man is the bread named in Exodus. It is not the word for a person. A later ending, “manna,” is not added.

13When Joshua was by Jericho, he lifted his eyes and looked, and Look, a man was standing opposite him, and his sword was drawn in his hand. Joshua went to him and said to him, Are you for us, or for our foes?

14He said, No, for I am the commander of Yahweh’s army. Now I have come. Joshua fell on his face to the ground and bowed, and he said to him, What does my lord speak to his servant?

Notes (1)

Translation
Sar tzeva YHWH is the commander of Yahweh’s army. “My lord” here is adoni, a title for the man standing there, not the divine name.

15The commander of Yahweh’s army said to Joshua, Slip your sandal off your foot, for the place where you are standing is holy. And Joshua did so.

Notes (1)

Text
The written consonants are עברנו, “we crossed.” The Masoretic reading is עברם, “they crossed.” The written “we crossed” is printed.

2At that time Yahweh said to Joshua, Make yourself flint knives, and circumcise the sons of Israel again, a second time.

Notes (1)

Translation
Charvot tzurim are knives of flint.

3Joshua made himself flint knives and circumcised the sons of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.

Notes (1)

Translation
The place is named Gibeath-haaraloth, “the hill of the foreskins.”

4This is the reason Joshua circumcised them. All the people who came out of Egypt, the males, all the men of war, had died in the wilderness on the way, when they came out of Egypt.

5For all the people who came out were circumcised, but all the people born in the wilderness on the way, when they came out of Egypt, they had not circumcised.

Notes (1)

Text
The Hebrew says latet lanu, “to give us,” not “to give them.”

7He raised their sons up in their place. Joshua circumcised them, for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them on the way.

8When the whole nation had finished being circumcised, they stayed in their place in the camp until they revived.

9Yahweh said to Joshua, Today I have rolled the reproach of Egypt off you. He called the name of that place Gilgal, to this day.

Notes (1)

Translation
Gilgal is named from galoti, “I have rolled.” The reproach is the shame of Egypt.

10The sons of Israel camped at Gilgal, and they kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the month, in the evening, in the plains of Jericho.

11They ate of the produce of the land on the day after the Passover, unleavened bread and parched grain, on that very day.

Notes (1)

Translation
Avur is the produce of the land. Matzot is unleavened bread. Qalui is grain that has been parched.

12The man stopped on the next day, when they ate of the produce of the land, and there was no more man for the sons of Israel. They ate of the yield of the land of Canaan in that year.

Notes (1)

Translation
Man is the bread named in Exodus. It is not the word for a person. A later ending, “manna,” is not added.

14He said, No, for I am the commander of Yahweh’s army. Now I have come. Joshua fell on his face to the ground and bowed, and he said to him, What does my lord speak to his servant?

Notes (1)

Translation
Sar tzeva YHWH is the commander of Yahweh’s army. “My lord” here is adoni, a title for the man standing there, not the divine name.

15The commander of Yahweh’s army said to Joshua, Slip your sandal off your foot, for the place where you are standing is holy. And Joshua did so.