Leviticus
Chapter 13
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Leningrad Codex, through the Open Scriptures Westminster Leningrad Codex. The written consonants are printed. A Masoretic reading is footnoted when it differs. No Dead Sea reading was substituted unless it was read from a fragment. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Greek, Syriac, and Latin versions are witnesses, not the default.
A dotted word is a harder one. Point at it, or tap it, for a short definition.
1God’s own name. The Hebrew writes YHWH. See the glossary. spoke to Moses and to Aaron:
2When a person has on the skin of his body a swelling, or a scab, or a bright spot, and it becomes on the skin of his body a mark of skin disease, he shall be brought to Aaron the priest, or to one of his sons, the priests.
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- Translation
Tzara’at is the skin disease of this book. It is not diagnosed as modern leprosy, the same choice as in Matthew. Se’et is a swelling. Sapachat is a scab. Baheret is a bright spot. Nega is the mark.
3The priest shall look at the mark on the skin of the body. If the hair in the mark has turned white, and the look of the mark is deeper than the skin of his body, it is a mark of skin disease. The priest shall look at him and declare him unclean.
4If the bright spot is white on the skin of his body, and its look is not deeper than the skin, and its hair has not turned white, the priest shall shut up the mark for seven days.
5The priest shall look at him on the seventh day. Look, the mark has stayed the same in his eyes, and the mark has not spread on the skin. The priest shall shut him up seven days a second time.
6The priest shall look at him on the seventh day a second time. Look, the mark has faded, and the mark has not spread on the skin. The priest shall declare him clean. It is a scab. He shall wash his clothes and be clean.
7If the scab spreads on the skin after he has been shown to the priest for his cleansing, he shall be seen a second time by the priest.
8The priest shall look, and look, the scab has spread on the skin. The priest shall declare him unclean. It is skin disease.
9When a mark of skin disease is on a person, he shall be brought to the priest.
10The priest shall look, and look, a white swelling is on the skin, and it has turned the hair white, and there is raw living flesh in the swelling.
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- Translation
Michyat basar chai is a patch of raw living flesh in the swelling.
11It is a chronic skin disease on the skin of his body. The priest shall declare him unclean. He shall not shut him up, because he is unclean.
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- Translation
Noshenet is chronic, a skin disease that has already settled. He is not shut up for a watch, because the priest already declares him unclean.
12If the skin disease breaks out on the skin, and the skin disease covers all the skin of the mark from his head to his feet, as far as the priest’s eyes can see,
13the priest shall look, and look, the skin disease has covered all his flesh. He shall declare the mark clean. All of it has turned white. He is clean.
14On the day raw flesh appears on him, he shall be unclean.
15The priest shall see the raw flesh and declare him unclean. The raw flesh is unclean. It is skin disease.
16Or when the raw flesh turns back and is changed to white, he shall come to the priest.
17The priest shall look at him, and look, the mark has turned white. The priest shall declare the mark clean. He is clean.
18When a body has a boil on its skin, and it heals,
19and in the place of the boil there is a white swelling, or a bright spot, white and reddish, it shall be shown to the priest.
20The priest shall look, and look, its appearance is lower than the skin, and its hair has turned white. The priest shall declare him unclean. It is a mark of skin disease. It has broken out in the boil.
21If the priest looks at it, and look, there is no white hair in it, and it is not lower than the skin, and it has faded, the priest shall shut him up seven days.
22If it spreads on the skin, the priest shall declare him unclean. It is a mark.
23If the bright spot stays in its place and has not spread, it is the scar of the boil. The priest shall declare him clean.
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- Translation
Tzarevet is the scar left by the boil, not a second skin disease.
24Or when a body has a burn of fire on its skin, and the raw place of the burn becomes a bright spot, white and reddish, or white,
25the priest shall look at it, and look, the hair in the bright spot has turned white, and its look is deeper than the skin. It is skin disease. It has broken out in the burn. The priest shall declare him unclean. It is a mark of skin disease.
26If the priest looks at it, and look, there is no white hair in the bright spot, and it is not lower than the skin, and it has faded, the priest shall shut him up seven days.
27The priest shall look at him on the seventh day. If it has spread on the skin, the priest shall declare him unclean. It is a mark of skin disease.
28If the bright spot stays in its place, and has not spread on the skin, and it has faded, it is the swelling of the burn. The priest shall declare him clean, because it is the scar of the burn.
29When a man or a woman has a mark on the head or on the beard,
30the priest shall look at the mark, and look, its appearance is deeper than the skin, and in it is thin yellow hair. The priest shall declare him unclean. It is a scale. It is skin disease of the head or of the beard.
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- Translation
Neteq is a scale, a place where the hair pulls away. It is not given a modern disease name.
31If the priest looks at the mark of the scale, and look, its appearance is not deeper than the skin, and there is no black hair in it, the priest shall shut up the mark of the scale for seven days.
32The priest shall look at the mark on the seventh day. Look, the scale has not spread, there is no yellow hair in it, and the look of the scale is not deeper than the skin.
33He shall shave himself, but the scale he shall not shave. The priest shall shut up the scale seven days a second time.
34The priest shall look at the scale on the seventh day. Look, the scale has not spread on the skin, and its appearance is not deeper than the skin. The priest shall declare him clean. He shall wash his clothes and be clean.
35If the scale spreads on the skin after his cleansing,
36the priest shall look at him, and look, the scale has spread on the skin. The priest shall not search for the yellow hair. He is unclean.
37If in his eyes the scale has stayed, and black hair has grown in it, the scale is healed. He is clean, and the priest shall declare him clean.
38When a man or a woman has bright spots on the skin of their body, white bright spots,
39the priest shall look, and look, on the skin of their body the bright spots are faded and white. It is bohaq. It has broken out on the skin. He is clean.
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- Translation
Bohaq is left as the Hebrew name. It is a pale breakout, and the priest declares the person clean. A modern diagnosis is not added.
40When a man loses the hair of his head, he is bald. He is clean.
41If he loses the hair of his head from the edge of his face, he is bald at the front. He is clean.
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- Translation
Qereach is bald on the crown. Gibbeach is bald from the front edge of the face.
42If on the bald crown or on the front baldness there is a reddish white mark, it is skin disease breaking out on his bald crown or on his front baldness.
43The priest shall look at him, and look, the swelling of the mark is reddish white on his bald crown or on his front baldness, like the look of skin disease of the skin of the body.
44He is a man with the skin disease. He is unclean. The priest shall declare him unclean. His mark is on his head.
45The person with the skin disease, the mark being on him, his clothes shall be torn, his head shall be unbound, he shall cover his upper lip, and he shall call out, “Unclean, unclean.”
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- Translation
Paru’a is unbound, the hair left loose. Safam is the upper lip. He covers it and calls the word tame, “unclean,” twice.
46All the days the mark is on him he shall be unclean. He is unclean. He shall live alone. His dwelling is outside the camp.
47When there is a mark of skin disease in a garment, in a wool garment or in a linen garment,
48or in the warp or in the weft, of the linen or of the wool, or in a skin, or in anything made of skin,
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- Translation
Sheti is the warp. Erev is the weft. The mark can sit in the thread or in finished leather.
49and the mark is greenish or reddish in the garment, or in the skin, or in the warp, or in the weft, or in any article of skin, it is a mark of skin disease, and it shall be shown to the priest.
50The priest shall look at the mark and shut up the mark for seven days.
51He shall look at the mark on the seventh day. If the mark has spread in the garment, or in the warp, or in the weft, or in the skin, for any work the skin is made into, the mark is a biting skin disease. It is unclean.
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- Translation
Mam’eret is a biting mark, a skin disease that eats into the cloth or the skin. “Malignant” is the live alternative, and it is not printed.
52He shall burn the garment, or the warp or the weft, in the wool or in the linen, or any article of the skin in which the mark is, because it is a biting skin disease. It shall be burned in the fire.
53If the priest looks, and look, the mark has not spread in the garment, or in the warp, or in the weft, or in any article of skin,
54the priest shall command, and they shall wash what the mark is in, and he shall shut it up seven days a second time.
55The priest shall look after the mark has been washed. Look, the mark has not changed its look, and the mark has not spread. It is unclean. You shall burn it in the fire. It is a sunken place, on its bare side or on its thin side.
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- Translation
Lo hafakh et eino is that the mark has not turned its appearance. Pechatet is a sunken place. Qarachto and gabbachto are the same words as the bald crown and the front baldness in verses 42 and 43. On a garment they name the bare side and the thin side. No modern textile defect is added.
56If the priest looks, and look, the mark has faded after it was washed, he shall tear it out of the garment, or out of the skin, or out of the warp, or out of the weft.
57If it is seen again in the garment, or in the warp, or in the weft, or in any article of skin, it is a breakout. You shall burn in the fire whatever the mark is in.
58The garment, or the warp, or the weft, or any article of skin that you wash, and the mark goes away from them, shall be washed a second time, and it shall be clean.
59This is the instruction for a mark of skin disease in a garment of wool or of linen, or the warp or the weft, or any article of skin, for declaring it clean or for declaring it unclean.